Types Of Failure In Concrete Column

 Types Of Failure Occurs In Column

A column is a vertical structural member which transfer the loads coming on to it from beams to below level column or to the foundation.

Columns consist of two major material one is concrete and second one is steel. Columns are used to transfer the load vertically to the horizontal beam. They transfer loads of the structure to the surrounding soil through the foundations. So we need to build strong columns, otherwise, failure will occur.

Generally column are categories based on its height and Dimension.

Long columns are those whose ratio of height to least lateral dimension is more than 12.
Pedestal column if the height to least lateral dimension is less than 3.
Short column if it is between 3 and 12.

Type Of Column Failure

1. Compression Failure

2. Buckling Failure

1. Compression Failure

When the axially loaded stress exceeds allowable stress, compression failure occurs. Shorter and wider column normally fails under compression failure.

We know the column consists of two major components concrete and steel. Compressive strength is normally how much load that the material can withstand before it could completely fail.
Normally different materials have different compressive strength. (Steel > Wood)

This type of failure occur mostly occurs in shorter and wider column   

2. Buckling Failure

Long columns are very slender, i.e. its effective length to least lateral dimension is more than 12. Under such condition, the load carrying capacity of reinforced concrete columns reduces drastically for given cross-sectional area and percentage of reinforcement steel. When such type of concrete columns are subjected to even small loads, they tend to become unstable and buckle to any side.

Read Also :  Failure Mode In Beam

 

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