Types Of Bond In Brick Masonry Wall Construction

Brick Masonry

The Arrangement of lying bricks and bonding them with mortar properly to form a unified mass which can transmit the super-imposed load safely to the foundation is called Brick Masonry.

Bond in Brick Masonry

The arrangement of bricks in order to tie them together in a mass of brick work is called Bonding 

These are the following Bond type provide in brick work

1. Stretching Bond

2. Heading Bond

3. English Bond

4. Flemish Bond

5. Facing Bond

6. Dutch Bond

7. Ranking Bond

1. Stretcher Bond

In stretching Bond all the bricks are laid as stretcher on face of wall. It is suitable for half brick wall only.

Longer narrow face of the brick is called as stretcher as shown in the elevation of figure below. Stretcher bond, also called as running bond, is created when bricks are laid with only their stretchers showing, overlapping midway with the courses of bricks below and above.

2. Header Bond

In this type of bond, all the bricks are laid as header on the faces of walls. It is suitable for one brick wall only.

Header is the shorter square face of the brick which measures 9cm x 9cm. Header bond is also known as heading bond. In header bonds, all bricks in each course are placed as headers on the faces of the walls.

3. English Bond

This type of bond consist of alternate courses of header and stretchers. this is the most commonly used bond for all wall thickness. This bond is consider to the strongest bond. 

To break the continuity of vertical joints, quoin closer is used in the beginning and end of a wall after first header. A quoin close is a brick cut lengthwise into two halves and used at corners in brick walls.

4. Flemish Bond   

In this bond, each course consist of alternate headers and stretchers. the alternate headers of each course are certainly supported over the stretchers below it. The very alternate course start with the header at the corner (that is quoin header).

The Flemish bond are of two types 

(i)  Double Flemish

(ii) Single Flemish

In Double Flemish each course present the same appearance in front face as well as back face.

Single Flemish bond consist of double Flemish bond facing and English bond backing and hearting in each course.

5. Facing Bond

In this type of bond header and stretcher are arranged in such a way that one heading course come after several stretching courses. This type of bond is not structurally recommended because load distribution is not uniform.

6. Dutch Bond

Dutch bond is the modified form of English bond. In this bond the Corner of the wall are strengthen. the arrangement of bricks is similar to English bond i.e. the alternate courses of header and stretcher are provided. 

the quoin of the stretcher course is three quarter bat. 

a header is introduced next to the three-quarter bat in every stretcher course.

7. Raking Bond

In Raking bond, the bonding bricks are laid at angle other than zero or 90 degree. the inclination should be in opposite direction in alternate course of raking bond.

the raking bond is generally provided in stretcher courses of wall having thickness equal to even number of half bricks. This arrangement make raking bond more strong.

There are three type of raking bond

(i)   Diagonal bond

(ii)  Herring-bone bond

(iii) Zig-Zag bond

In Diagonal Bond, the bricks are laid diagonally. the angle of inclination is so selected that there is no breaking of bricks,

In Herring-Bone Bond The bricks are laid at an angle of 45degree from the center in both he direction.

 

In Zig-Zag Bond is similar to Herring-Bone bond except that the bricks are laid in zig-zag manner.